![]() Saud of Saudi Arabia - Wikipedia. Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (. After a period of internal tension in Saudi Arabia, he was forced from the throne and replaced by his brother Faisal. Major events. 19. The first five years plan announced by King Saud in his speech no. They lived in Sikkat Inazza. When his father conquered Riyadh in 1. We have variety of cars for sale in Oman. Search for SUV, Sedan cars & budget cars at our various branches located in all major towns of Oman. Search cars by maker. Daily English-language newspaper with a weekend magazine and supplements throughout the week. First Gate Business Service, GF, Humaidan Bldg, Near Malabar Supermarket, Behind Sheikha Latifa Masjid, AL MURAR, Deira, Dubai. LuLu Good Life is a lifestyle portal that brings together an audience of diverse interests in Electronics, Fashion, Food and Home Décor across the UAE and the Middle. ![]() Last updated: We, 21 Jun, 15:41 BST. Weather; UV index; Wind; Road; Water temperatures; Forecast. Saudi Arabia constitutes about four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Although Saudi Arabia is known to be the third-largest country in Asia, after. Prince Saud was born on 15 January 1902 in Kuwait City. The second son of Ibn Saud (also known as Abdulaziz), he was born in the home of his grandfather. Key Details. App Supports: Android, iOS, Windows; Heart rate sensor, smart track; Long battery life up to seven days. Get information, facts, and pictures about United Arab Emirates at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about United Arab Emirates easy with. Dubai is a huge city with several district articles containing sightseeing, restaurant, nightlife and accommodation listings — have a look at each of them. Saud followed him with his mother and brothers. Prince Saud had one full brother, Turki I. He learned Sharia and Quran. He also learned archery and horse- riding amongst other things under the supervision of his father, also tribal lineages, and how to conduct peace agreements, and the art of wars, politics, diplomacy and administration in the traditional Arabian ways. He accompanied his father on his many expeditions and, participated in several campaigns during the unification of the Arabian Peninsula. In addition, his father would entrust him from time to time with war related or political, administrative and diplomatic missions, where he proved himself in measuring up to his father's aspirations and even at times in surprising him by the outcome of his endeavors. His personal courage undoubtedly contributed to the achievement of these skills, besides his humble personality and sense of humor, accompanied by great sincerity, kindness, legendary generosity and a regard for others. These qualities rendered him admiration from his friends and enemies alike, and often enabled him to win over bitter enemies and convert foes into friends. When King' Abdul 'Aziz appointed him as an heir to his throne in (1. Almighty, and aspire towards raising aloft the voice of Islam and strive hard to look after the concerns and affairs of his subjects, and be truthful in word and deed. He also advised him to incline towards and respect of Muslim scholars and keep their company and listen to their advice. The young (Ameer) Saud had then pledged to his father that he would loyally abide by his words. The 1st battle he fought was at (Jirrab) on 1. Yatab . In 1. 92. Almahmal crisis in Makkah. In 1. 92. 9 he fought to stop the Ikhwan Revolt at Al Sebella. Accompanied by his father’s adviser, Fuad Hamzah and Physician Dr. Medhat Sheikh el- Ard and some others, he visited: Transjordan, Palestine, Iraq, Egypt and Europe where he represented his father at the Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in 1. Due to his modesty and amiable and sincere personality, Crown Prince Saud managed to prove a success throughout his visits, striking a warm friendship with the young King Ghazi of Iraq I, and earning plaudits from the likes of the “Amir” and later on “King”, . This was followed by other visits to the until the eve of the Second World War. After the war, when the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine appeared to be imminent, and leaders of the various Arab States met at Inshas in Egypt during 1. Chairmanship of King Farouk of Egypt, Saud was again selected by his father to represent him and his country, and participated in the adoption of the famous resolution that declared that: . In 1. 94. 7, Saud visited the United States and met with President Harry S. Truman, and also met with leaders in Britain, France, and Italy, in order to acquaint the policy makers with his father’s views and the unacceptability of the infringement of the rights of the Palestinians. Following Amir Saud’s visits, he concentrated on the first areas to be deemed in sore need of modernisation and reform in view of increasing revenues and expenditures, was the body governing and handling the country’s finances. After seeking advice and expert help from a number of friendly countries, primarily the USA, the Saudi riyal was linked to the United States Dollar and apart from structural, regulatory and procedural reforms within a revamped Ministry of Finance; a Central Bank under the name of the “Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency” (“SAMA”) was established during 1. In keeping with universal practice, a proper annual state budget had first been issued during 1. SAMA”, the third Saudi National Budget for the year 1. During this period, technical co- operation, primarily with the, in the guise of the arrival of 3. Kingdom also received a major boost. Apart from financial and administrative reforms, the report presented to King Abdulaziz by Amir Saud, had commended the implementation of a whole range of vital infrastructural projects relating to the improvement of facilities for the Pilgrims, so important to the Kingdom from a religious and economic point of view, water supply, roads, broadcasting service, health, municipal affairs, port improvements, customs reorganization and higher education. Plans for the paved road between Jeddah and Makkah had been announced by Saud during the Hajj of 1. Wadi Fatimah to Jeddah was also inaugurated by him shortly during November 1. The Hajj of 1. 36. AH / 1. 95. 0 AD witnessed the establishment of the Makkah college that was later to be expanded and renamed Umm al- Qura University. Many of these reforms, along with the complete reorganisation of the system of public administration, through the establishment or restructuring of new or existing ministries and departments, and conceived and recognised as the “Crown Prince’s Reforms”, issued from his Office by a Decree under his seal on 1. October 1. 95. 2, were destined to be developed, built upon and some even implemented after the demise of King Abdulaziz on 9 November 1. Saud’s reign as King. The traditional Consultative Council in Makkah, the . Before that, he appointed him as a Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and Internal Security Units on 2. August 1. 95. 3. During this period, the Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia, including the Air Force, were modernised on a large scale with American assistance. The Saudi Arabian Airlines fleet was also expanded by the purchase of four new . On 1. 0 June 1. 95. Saud with the approval of his father also laid the foundation stone for the expansion and refurbishment of the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah. Earlier on, following a visit, he had recommended to King Abdulaziz the need for the adoption of this step, which the latter had sanctioned. Saud succeeded his father as King on 9 November 1. Considering the magnitude of the internal and the external challenges faced by King Saud and the background and nature of his training, statistics would prove that he had performed extensively well in laying the solid foundations and providing the requisite infra- structure and frame- work for the country's march towards its goals, without harmfully compromising or losing sight of its pivotal role as the custodian of the two holiest sanctuaries of Islam. Close scrutiny would also reveal that, the handling of the country's financial expenditure during this period, though not entirely consistent with the criteria used by modern- day critics, was conformity with the cherished traditions and desires of the majority of the population inhabiting Saudi Arabia's vast land mass, who happened to be tribal and nomadic. King Saud having had such long years of experience in dealing successfully with his people and understood their wants, desires and their likes and dislikes in the light of the traditions and values they esteemed most. National policy. He was to make a sincere attempt throughout his reign, to see to it that, Government policy planned and worked towards the realisation of these goals in the shortest time- span possible, no easy task, particularly given the local and regional circumstances. In order to cope adequately with the responsibilities of this challenge, and facilitate realistically the implementation of his programme he initially, doubled the number of ministries to ten by adding the portfolios of Education, Agriculture, Health, Commerce and industry, plus two Directorates: Labour and Broadcasting and the Bureau of Public Inspection” in 1. Foreign Affairs, Finance, Interior, Defence, and Communications. This had called for the construction of suitable new buildings and the provision of adequate housing for employees. This was ignition of the signal for Riyadh’s modernisation and development. Saud’s next brother and heir, HRH Prince Faisal, was appointed Prime Minister, while retaining his former portfolio of Foreign Minister. A five years plan was started, as mentioned in King Saud's first cabinet speech in 1. In 1. 95. 7, King Saud also founded 'King Saud University' in Riyadh. Foreign relations. He started his worldwide tours after finishing touring of his country's regions. He visited Arab and friendly countries for strategic and political purposes. He began his tour in 1. Egypt, followed by Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, Yemen and Pakistan. He announced that his sole purpose was to . King Saud believed in a non- alignment policy, which he discussed thoroughly with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru during an official visit to India. He also strove to keep the region free from coalitions and blocs that only served foreign interests and thus he refused to join the Baghdad Pact. Despite pressure exerted from the West, he approved upon meeting President Gamal Abdel Nasser and the Syrian President Shukri al- Quwatli in Cairo in March 1. Rajab 1. 37. 5 H) of making a joint statement regarding their understanding of security and defense matters, that coincided with other agreements in the financial, economical and development area. For example, in November 1. Rabi I 1. 37. 5 H), he granted a 1. Syria for five years. He agreed to exchange products and exempt agricultural products from import export license and custom duties. With the continuous Israeli assault on Jordan in 1. H), King Saud invited military leaders of Egypt, Syria, Lebanon and Jordan to Riyadh in order to discuss procedures to counter the aggression. He agreed to cover all expenses of reinforcing Jordan's National Guard and armed forces. He also adopted and supported the Algerian revolution, diplomatically and financially, when he declared it on the first of November 1. Safar 1. 37. 5 H). United Arab Emirates - Wikipedia. Coordinates: 2. 4. In 2. 01. 3, the UAE's population was 9. Emirati citizens and 7. The constituent emirates are Abu Dhabi (which serves as the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al- Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al- Quwain. Each emirate is governed by an absolute monarch; together, they jointly form the Federal Supreme Council. One of the monarchs is selected as the President of the United Arab Emirates. Islam is the official religion of the UAE and Arabic is the official language (although English and Indian- language dialects are widely spoken, with English being the language of business and education particularly in Abu Dhabi and Dubai). The UAE's oil reserves are the seventh- largest in the world while its natural gas reserves are the world's seventeenth- largest. Stone tools recovered from Jebel Faya in the emirate of Sharjah reveal a settlement of people from Africa some 1. Jebel Barakah on the Arabian coast suggests an even older habitation from 1. This contact persisted and became wide- ranging, probably motivated by trade in copper from the Hajar Mountains, which commenced around 3. BCE. From the second century AD, there was a movement of tribes from Al Bahreyn towards the lower Gulf, together with a migration among the Azdite Qahtani (or Yamani) and Quda'ah tribal groups from south west Arabia towards central Oman. Sassanid groups were present on the Batinah coast. In 6. 37, Julfar (in the area of today's Ra's al- Khaimah) was an important port that was used as a staging post for the Islamic invasion of the Sassanian Empire. Thought to be Nestorian and built in 6. AD, the church appears to have been abandoned peacefully in 7. AD. Certainly, by the 5th century, Oman had a bishop named John – the last bishop of Oman being Etienne, in 6. AD. This led to a group of rulers travelling to Medina, converting to Islam and subsequently driving a successful uprising against the unpopular Sassanids, who dominated the Northern coasts at the time. The Caliph Abu Bakr sent an army from the capital Medina which completed its reconquest of the territory (the Ridda Wars) with the bloody battle of Dibba in which 1. The seasonal movements of these groups led not only to frequent clashes between groups but also to the establishment of seasonal and semi- seasonal settlements and centres. These formed tribal groupings whose names are still carried by modern Emiratis, including the Bani Yas and Al Bu Falah of Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Liwa and the Al Bahrayn coast, the Dhawahir, Awamir and Manasir of the interior, the Sharqiyin of the east coast and the Qawasim to the North. By the 1. 7th century, the Bani Yas confederation was the dominant force in most of the area now known as Abu Dhabi. The following year, Britain and a number of local rulers signed a treaty to combat piracy along the Persian Gulf coast, giving rise to the term Trucial States, which came to define the status of the coastal emirates. Further treaties were signed in 1. Primarily in reaction to the ambitions of other European countries, namely France and Russia, the British and the Trucial Sheikhdoms established closer bonds in an 1. British with other Persian Gulf principalities. The sheikhs agreed not to dispose of any territory except to the British and not to enter into relationships with any foreign government other than the British without their consent. In return, the British promised to protect the Trucial Coast from all aggression by sea and to help in case of land attack. This treaty, the Exclusive Agreement, was signed by the Rulers of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah and Umm Al Quwain between 6 and 8 March 1. It was subsequently ratified by the Viceroy of India and the British Government in London. However, the British prohibition of the slave trade meant an important source of income was lost to some sheikhs and merchants. Khawr al Udayd was claimed by Abu Dhabi at that time, a claim supported by the British. In 1. 90. 6, the British Political Resident, Percy Cox, confirmed in writing to the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan ('Zayed the Great') that Khawr al Udayd belonged to his sheikhdom. The First World War had a severe impact on the industry, but it was the economic depression of the late 1. The remnants of the trade eventually faded away shortly after the Second World War, when the newly independent Government of India imposed heavy taxation on pearls imported from the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. The decline of pearling resulted in extreme economic hardship in the Trucial States. The seven sheikhs of the emirates then decided to form a council to coordinate matters between them and took over the development office. In 1. 95. 2, they formed the Trucial States Council. The council was terminated once the United Arab Emirates was formed. The Trucial Oman Scouts was a small military force used by the British to keep the peace. In 1. 95. 5, the United Kingdom sided with Abu Dhabi in the latter's dispute with Oman over the Buraimi Oasis, another territory to the south. Aware of the potential for the development of natural resources such as oil, following finds in Persia (from 1. Mesopotamia (from 1. British- led oil company, the Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), showed an interest in the region. The Anglo- Persian Oil Company (APOC, later to become British Petroleum, or BP) had a 2. IPC. From 1. 93. 5, onshore concessions to explore for oil were agreed with local rulers, with APOC signing the first one on behalf of Petroleum Concessions Ltd (PCL), an associate company of IPC. A number of options between PCL and the trucial rulers were signed, providing useful revenue for communities experiencing poverty following the collapse of the pearl trade. However, the wealth of oil which the rulers could see from the revenues accruing to surrounding countries such as Iran, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia remained elusive. The first bore holes in Abu Dhabi were drilled by IPC's operating company, Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) Ltd (PDTC) at Ras Sadr in 1. BP joined with Compagnie Fran. A number of undersea oil surveys were carried out, including one led by the famous marine explorer, Jacques Cousteau. In March, it struck oil in the Upper Thamama, a rock formation that would provide many valuable oil finds. This was the first commercial discovery of the Trucial Coast, leading to the first exports of oil in 1. ADMA made further offshore discoveries at Zakum and elsewhere, and other companies made commercial finds such as the Fateh oilfield off Dubai and the Mubarak field off Sharjah (shared with Iran). Tarif. As oil revenues increased, the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, undertook a massive construction program, building schools, housing, hospitals and roads. When Dubai's oil exports commenced in 1. Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, the ruler of Dubai, was able to invest the revenues from the limited reserves found to spark the diversification drive that would create the modern global city of Dubai. British MPs debated the preparedness of the Royal Navy to defend the sheikhdoms. Secretary of State for Defence. Denis Healey reported that the British Armed Forces were seriously overstretched and in some respects dangerously under- equipped to defend the sheikhdoms. On 2. 4 January 1. British Prime Minister Harold Wilson announced the government's decision, reaffirmed in March 1. Prime Minister Edward Heath to end the treaty relationships with the seven Trucial Sheikhdoms, that had been, together with Bahrain and Qatar, under British protection. Days after the announcement, the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, fearing vulnerability, tried to persuade the British to honour the protection treaties by offering to pay the full costs of keeping the British Armed Forces in the Emirates. The British Labour government rejected the offer. An Iranian destroyer group broke formation from an exercise in the lower Gulf, sailing to the Tunb islands. The islands were taken by force, civilians and Arab defenders alike allowed to flee. A British warship stood idle during the course of the invasion. But there, Sheikh Khalid bin Mohammed Al Qasimi recognized his forces would not be able to challenge the invading Iranian naval forces. The island was quickly leased to Iran for $3 million a year. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia laid claim to swathes of Abu Dhabi. When the British- Trucial Sheikhdoms treaty expired on 1 December 1. It was also agreed between the two that the constitution be written by 2 December 1. Bahrain and Qatar declined their invitations to join the union. Ras al- Khaimah joined later, in early 1. The UAE joined the Arab League in 1. It was a founding member of the Gulf Cooperation Council in May 1. Abu Dhabi hosting the first summit. UAE forces joined the allies against Iraq after the invasion of Kuwait in 1. After independence. The air base also supported Allied operations during the 1. Persian Gulf War and Operation Northern Watch. The country had already signed a military defense agreement with the U. S. His eldest son, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, succeeded as Emir of Abu Dhabi. In accordance with the constitution, the UAE's Supreme Council of Rulers elected Khalifa as president. Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan succeeded Khalifa as Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. A small number of hand- picked voters chose half of the members of the Federal National Council, an advisory body. UAE has largely escaped the Arab Spring, which other countries have had; however, more than 1. Emirati activists were jailed and tortured because they sought reforms. Furthermore, some people have had their nationality revoked. Mindful of the protests in nearby Bahrain, in November 2. UAE outlawed online mockery of its own government or attempts to organise public protests through social media. It shares a 5. 30- kilometre (3. Saudi Arabia on the west, south, and southeast, and a 4. Oman on the southeast and northeast.
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